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Understanding ITR-4 and Presumptive Taxation (Section 44AD)

Run a small business or profession? Learn how ITR-4 and presumptive taxation under Sections 44AD and 44ADA let you declare a fixed profit and skip heavy books.

6 min read · 2026-06-15

Accounting made simple

Running a small business or practice is hard enough without complex ledgers. The presumptive scheme lets you file the simpler ITR-4 (Sugam) by declaring a fixed percentage of receipts as profit.

How it works

Section 44AD lets eligible businesses declare 8% of cash and 6% of digital receipts as profit (turnover up to Rs 2 crore, or Rs 3 crore if 95% digital); Section 44ADA lets professionals declare 50% (receipts up to Rs 50 lakh, Rs 75 lakh if 95% digital) (Source: Income Tax Act, Sections 44AD and 44ADA).

SchemeProfit declaredLimit
44AD (business)8% cash / 6% digitalRs 2 cr / Rs 3 cr
44ADA (profession)50%Rs 50 / Rs 75 lakh

The catch

If you opt in, you cannot separately claim business expenses like rent or laptop depreciation; the scheme assumes the rest covers them.

When ITR-4 is not allowed

File it (portal path)

  1. Log in at incometax.gov.in and start ITR-4.
  2. Enter turnover/receipts and the presumptive profit.
  3. Pay any tax via e-Pay Tax, then submit and e-verify.

What you should do

Compare your real margin to the presumptive rate. If your actual profit is much lower and you keep books, ITR-3 may be cheaper.

Common mistake

Choosing 44AD then also claiming expenses. The scheme bundles expenses into the presumed profit.

How LastMinute ITR helps

LastMinute ITR's checklist confirms your eligibility so your ITR-4 filing on the portal is clean. Start at /file, import at /file/import/documents, and reconcile at /file/import/mismatch.

LastMinute ITR is a companion tool, not affiliated with the Income Tax Department. You file and e-verify your return yourself on incometax.gov.in.

Related guides

Understanding ITR-4 and Presumptive Taxation (Section 44AD) · LastMinute ITR